Multiple-cutter-disk bit



Jan. 31, 1928.

l. C. BELL MULTIPLE CUTTER DISK BIT 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 5, 1.925

Jan. 31, 1928,

' 1,651,606 1. C. BELL.

MULTIPLE CUTTER msx BIT Filed 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet '2 20 Q 4h l l a'tented dun. 3i fwd.

run srarus raraur curios.

T'Vrflll C. BELL, F CAMERON, TEXAES, ASSIGNOR T63 THE G-U'IIBERSON CORPORATION, OF

DALLAS, TEXAS, A. CORPORATION OF DELAWARE. l

MULTIPLE-GUTTER-DI$K BIT;

.Applioatlon filed January 5, 1925. serial No. 54. 11.

This invention relates to new and useful im rovements in multiple cutter disk bits.

The object of theinvention is to provide a bit in which a plurality of disks are mounttt ed for lateral or radial movement so as to traverse across the bottom of the hole as the bit is rotated, thus cut-ting faster and making even wear.

. Another. object is to vary the diameters lift of the disks by stepping them off outwardly thus crowning the bottom of the hole, whereby the bit becomes "self-centering.

A further object is to provide removable and replaceable supports for the axles so that w the cutters may be replaced when worn.

Another object is to provide replaceable portions on each side of the bit at the points of greatest wear.

A still further improvement resides in inwardly movable cutter disks having ample play to shift laterally and reduce the diameter of thebit sufliciently to. pass through a casing and then shift outwardly to underream the casing.

Another object is to mount the disks on the axle so that while they revolve freely they do not move vertically or radially of the axle, but may move laterally on the axle.

A construction designed to carry out the an invention will be hereinafter described together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specifications and by reference to the accompany ing drawings, in which an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

Fig. l is a front elevation of a bit constructed in accordance with my invention, Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, Fig. 8 is an underside view, Fig. 4 is a transverse cross-section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, a Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view,

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5,

Fi 7 is an enlarged sectional view on the line f- T of Fig. 2, and

Fig. 8 is a plan view. In the drawings the numeral 10 designates a bit body or stock having a reduced tapered pin 11 or any other drill stem connection at its upper end. The pin is surrounded by an outwardly directed shoulder 12. 'The upper portion of the stock is cylindrical, although this is merely a preferred design. A web 18 is provided at the bottom of the stock and extends diametrically of the same. The vertical edges of the web are curved or flared upwardly to the circumference of the stock.

On each side of the web reduced fiat bosses or standards 14 are built up and disposed in offset relation to each other and parallel to the web. The standards are spaced from the web. Complementary to the standards and spaced therefrom are cheek plates or wings 15 having shanks 16 at their upper ends. The stock has shouldered flat seats 17 on each s1de (Fig. 6) for receiving the shanks which have their outer surfaces shaped to conform to the contour of the- The keys prevent displacement of the plates and take the shearing strain ofthe latter. It is obvious that the plates may be attached in any suitable manner. The shanks are preferably fastened, each by a screw 20 entering the stock radially. However the plates may assume any desirable form and may be fastened to the stock in any suitable manner. 1

The lower portion of each plate is flared to' conform to its complementary standard 14 and supports the outer end of an axle 22. Each axle passes through the adjacent standard and has its inner end reduced and resting in an aperture 28 in the web. The reduced end of' each axle has a circumferential groove 24. The shoulder end of the axle abuts the flat side of the web. Each axle may have its outer end or head 25 screw threaded to engage in a screw threaded aperture in the lower end of the plate, or it may be fastened in any other suitable manner. The head when crew-threaded is provided with a kerf 26 for a screw driver or other tool. The web 13 has a. longitudinal bore 27 intersecting the bottoms of the apertures 23 to receive a pin 28 which engages in the gIOOVGS 24, and locks the axles in place.

stened as by cotstantially the same bore as the diameter of the axles are free to'move laterally or longitudinally on the axles and thus radially of the bit. Such a mounting has been found to have great advantage. No lubrication is required, the disks will wear evenly and tend to sharpen themselves and they will shear the material from the bottom of the hole as the bit is rotated. The outer disk 29 of each axle assembly is the largest, but is not as large as the disks usually employed on disk bits for boring the same diameter hole. In fact better results have been ob tained by the smaller disks.

Each disk 29 is mounted on the axle between the standard 14 and the cheek plate 15 and is thickest at its hub portion; being reduced or inclined on one side toward its outer edge which is bevelled in the opposite direction, as to the flare from .the plate. The space between each disk and its complementary standard is considerably greater than the thickness of the disk 29. This permits the disk to play radially of the bit on the axle, but not vertically of the bit. The disk does not wobble. The lateral play or movement given to each disk is greater than the lateral play or movement given in mounting the usual cutter disk. It is the practice to mount cutter disks with a turning fit and it is not intended that they shhll shift or move laterally on their axles. my invention goes beyond the usual disk mounting and 'ves sufficient lateral play to cause the periphery of the disk to move transversely across the vertical cutting arc, whereby it shears as well as cuts.

Between the web 13 and each standard 14 the disks 30 and 31 are mounted. The disk 30 has a central aperture 30 and is otherwise the same as the disk 29, except that it is smaller in diameter. Each disk 31 is madev fiat on both sides and of constant thickness, but this is subject to variation. The thickened hub and inclined side of the disk 30 spaces the surfaces apart. The disk 31 has an enlarged central aperture 31. The disks 30 and 31 have ample play along the axle between the web and standard. By mounting the disks 30 and 31 as described they are disposed close to the center of the bit and thus out within a shorter radius than if they were separated by a support therebetween.

A well 32 is bored axially in-thc pin 11 and stock 10. Water ducts 33 are counterbored from the bottom of the well through the stock (Fig. 3) so as to discharge between the web and standards over the disks 30 and 31. Additional ducts 3a are counter-bored Therefore,

,uaagaae through the stock and check plates to discharge over the disks 29. It will be shen that the disks are copiously supplied with water or slush and are adequately washed.

Sutticient use of this bit has been made to demonstrate its advantages and to establish it. as a continuous drilling tool. The radially or laterally movable disks out through rock, shale and sand as well as they do through gumbo and other formations. Due to the shifting of the disks and the adequate washing, nothing lodges between the disks and they do not clog. Further they rotate freely, thus wearing evenly and maintaining their bevel and sharp edges.

It will be clearly seen that the wear will be sustained by the disks and the cheekplates '15, the stock bein (r thus protected. When the plates and disks are worn so as to be ineflicient, the screws 20 and the pin 28 are removed and the axles 22 are unscrewed; whereby the disks may be taken out. After the axles are removed the cheek plates 15 .may be removed. These parts may be replaced at a small cost.

Various changes in the size and shape of the difierentpartsas well as modifications and alterations may be made within the.

scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, is:

1. In a multiple cutter disk bit, a bit body, I

axles mounted transversely of the body in ofis'et relation, upright cutter disks loosely mounted on said axles and free to move laterally while revolvlng, said d1sks being free from relative vertical movement, and remov- V able supports for the outer ends of the axles.

2. In a multiple cutter disk bit, a bit body, axles mounted transversely of the body 111 oifset relation, upright cutter disks loosely mounted on said axles and free to move laterally while revolving, said disks being free from relative vertical movement, and removable depending cheek members confining the disks and taking the outward thrust of the outer disks.

3. In a multiple cutter disk bit, a bit body, a plurality of cutter disks confined against vertical movement and free for an axial movement relatively of the bit, whereby they are self-sharpening while revolving, and outer wear members confining the disks removably fastened to the body.

4. In a multiple cutter disk hit, an upright stock, removable wear members on opposite able, axles carried by the supports, and cutter disks mounted on the axles between the supports, said disks having a hub-thickness less than the spaces between the supports and being free from vertical movement on said axles, whereby said disks are free to' move longitudinally of the axles and radially of p the stock.

6. In a multiple cutter disk bit, a bit stock having diametrically opposite seats, cheek plates having shanks, means for'fastening the-shanks of the plates to the seats, supports depending from the bottom of the stock and spaced apart between the plates, axles secured in the supports and plates, and a plurality-of-cutter disks mounted on-the axles and movable radially, said disks being free from vertical movement.

7. In a multiple cutter disk bit, a cylindrical bit stock having diametrically opposite seats, a transverse web at the bottom of the stock, cheek plates fitting on the seats, standards between the web and plates, axles passing through the standards and having one" end in the web and the outer ends in the plates, means for fastening the axles in the web, and a plurality of cutter disks mounted loosely on the axles between the web and standards and between the standards and the plates, said disks being free from vertical movement.

8. In a multiple cutter disk bit, a cylindri- V cal bit stock having diametrically opposite seats, a transverse web at the bottom of the stock, cheek plates fitting on the seats, standards between the web and plates, axles passing through the standards and having one end in the web and the outer ends in the plates, means for fastening the axles in the, web, and a plurality of cutterdisks mounted loosely on the axles between the web and standards and between the standards and the plates, the outermost disk being-of greater diameter and movable inwardly to reduce the diameter of the bit, said disks'being free from vertical movement.

the body, and a plurality of cutter disks loosely mounted to slide on said axles between said supports, two of the disks being mounted on each axle between central sup.

port and the adjacent support and having their cutting edges spaced apart, said disks being ifree 'from vertical movemert.

10. In a multiple cutter disk bit", the combination with a bit body spaced supports and a transverse axle extending between said supports, of a cutter disk mounted on said axle between said'supports and having a central aperture larger than said axle so as to move'transver'sely of the axle, said disk being considerably less in thickness than the space between the supports so as to move longitudinally of the axle, said disk having one side inclined and its cutting ed e bevelled in the opposite direction from the inclination of the side of the disk, said'disks being free from vertical movement.

11. In a multiple cutter disk ,bit, a stock having a central water well, a tool connection at the top of the stock, vertical seats in opposite sides of the stock having keyways therein, cheek plates provided with shanks fitting-on the seats and having keys fitting in the keyways, a web depending from the center of the stock, standards in spaced relation between the web and the plates, 0H- set axles extending through the standards and engaging in the web and plates, means for fastening the plates to thestock and cutfrom vertical move- 

